Briquetting machine



Oct. 24, 1933. w, HA5|NG 1,931,759

BRIQUETTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 8, 1952 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 fig 1 25yhis/Z2320??? Oct. 24, 1933. P. w. HASING 1,931,759

BRIQUETTI NG MACHINE Filed Aug. 8, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Even/Z07 Z71/6314 ZZQTWgS i M Oct. 24, 1933. F. w. HA SING 1,931,759

BRIQUETTING MACHIHNE Filed Aug. 8, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 jfliz7%ew/ipr%/ZW W? Ziorne 5 M Patented Oct. 24, 1933 UITE ATES rrENT OFFICE.

BRKQUETTING MACHINE Fred W. Easing, Minneapolis, Minn.

Applicaticn August 8, 1932. Serial No. 627,831

6 Claims. (01. 2521) My invention relates to briquetting machines, andwhile the machine embodying my invention is capable of generalapplication for briquetting various kinds of moldable materials, it wasespel cially designed for use in briquetting lignite or what issometimes called lignite coal.

To this end, my invention consists of the novel devices and novelcombinations of devices hereinafter described and pointed out in theclaims.

A machine embodying my invention in its preferred form is illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, wherein like notations refer to like parts,

Fig. 1 is a view chiefly in central cross section through the machinewith some parts shown in elevation and some parts removed, the sectionbeing on the line 11 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a view chiefly in vertical section taken on the line 2-2 ofFig. 1, with some parts shown in elevation;

Fig. 3 is a view partly in horizontal sectionand partly in plan showingthe multiple cylinder'hydraulic press used in the operation of mymachine, the section being on the line 33 of Fig. 1; 25 Fig. 4 is a viewin elevation showing the lower portion of the feed chute and feed rollercarried thereby;

Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the parts shownin Fig. 4 with the shaft ofthe feed roller extended and shown with a sprocket wheel thereon; andFig. 6 is a view in end elevation with some parts broken away andshowing the driving connections for said feed roller in section on theline- 6-6 of Fig. 2.

The numeral 7 represents a large body of cement embedded in the ground 8and adapted to afford a foundation for my briquetting machine. Thenumerals 9, 10 and 11 represent the interconnected members of a strongframe adapted to support the resistance roller and some other parts ofmy machine, and of these frame members -9 to 11 inclusive, the members 9rest on thecement foundation 7, the members 10 extend upward from themembers 9 slightly convergent towards each other and the members 11 arehorizontally disposed and connect the upper ends of the members 10. Allthe parts of this frame must be very strong and hence all these framemembers 9 to 11 inclusive are preferably made from iron or steel and arestrongly interconnected.

The numerals 12 represent headedfand nutted rods having their upper endssecured to the cross members 11 of said frame and their lower endsdeeply embedded in the cement foundation? and 55 serving to anchor:thesaid frame to the said foundation. The numeral 13 represents astrong platform pivotally connected by a strong hinge joint let with theunderlying frame members 9 at what might be called the rear end of saidplatform. The front or free end of said pivoted plat- 30 form 13 isprovided with a cross bar 15 on its under side which directly overliesand rests upon the upper ends of the pistons of the cylinders of ahydraulic press 16 which is supported from the cement foundation '7, asclearly shown in Figs. 1 Q5 and 2 of the drawings.

On the face of said pivoted platform 13 are journaled a pair ofanti-friction rollers 17; and on themain frame in the frame members 10are journaled another pair of anti-friction rollers 18.

The numeral 19 represents a short hollow cylinder which rests upon therollers 17 of the platform 13 and is held from lateral displacement bythe anti friction rollers 18, contacting with the periphery thereof, asclearly shown in Fig. l of the drawings. This cylinder 19 is provided onthe interior of its peripheral wall with a series of half-mold cells 20arranged in parallel rows with all the half cells contiguous andseparated v by the sharp edged portions of the half-mold cells. The saidcylinder 19 has formed on one of its side walls an internal gear 21,which engages vvith the spur gear 22 fixed to a horizontal shaft 23strongly journaled on the main frame of the machine and provided at oneend with a large spurgear 24 that engages a pinion 25 on a shorthorizontal shaft 26 suitably journaled in the main frame and providedwith a pulley 2'? for the application of power from any suitable source.It is of course obvious that with these driving connections 21 to 27inclusive, the cylinder '20 maybe rotated on its supporting rollers 17.

The numeral 28 represents a solid resistance roller having formed on itsperiphery a series of half-mold cells 29' of the same size and shape asthe half-mold cells 20 formed on the inner wall of the periphery of thecylinder 19, and adapted to cooperate therewith. This resistance roller28 is of considerably less diameter than the diameter of the cylinder 19and is mounted within the said cylinder eccentric to the axis thereof,and with the shaft 23 which supports the resistance roller 28 locatedbelow the axis of the cylinder, as clearly shown in Fig. 1 of thedrawings. Inasmuch as this resistance roller '28 is fixed to the shaft23, it is obvious that, with the driving connections for the cylinderhitherto noted, the roller 28 will be turned in the same direction asthe cylinder 19 and becauseof its location the said roller 28 willrotate in proximity to but out of contact with the interior of thecylinder 19, thus bringing its half-mold cells into position tocooperate with the half-mold cells of said cylinder. Said roller 28 isheld against any radial movement. The numeral represents a feed hopperfor supplying the pulverized lignite 36 to the bite of said cylinder 19and resistance roller 28. This feed hopper 30 is strongly supported fromthe main frame of the machine with its lower end projecting into thecylinder 19 and is provided, with a feed roller 31 at its delivery mountor lower end. Said feed hopper 30 is made of strong material such assteel and has adjustably secured to its opposite sides short brackets 32in the lower end of which the feed roller 31 is journaled, as best shownin Fig. l of the drawings. The shaft of the roller 31 projects at oneend beyond one of the bearing l rackets 32 and is provided with asprocket wheel 33, as shown in Fig. 5, whichis connected by chain 34with a smaller sprocket on the main shaft 23, as best shown in Fig. 6 ofthe drawings. With'these connections it is obvious that the feed roller31 will receive rotary motion in the proper direction to act on thepulverized lignite 36 supplied from the feed hopper 30, so as to spreadit out and even it up, to some extent, and help to forward it into thebite o the cylinder 19 and resistance roller 28, as best shown in Fig. 1of the drawings.

The multiple cylinder hydraulic press 16, as conventionally shown in thedrawings, may be oi standard or any suitable construction for thepurpose intended and is provided with suitable supply piping 15c andhand pump 16?) and double disl; manometers 16c.

The numeral 3'? represents a strong stop rigidly secured to the framemembers 10 directly over and a short distance above the free end of thepivoted platform 13 and which stop 37 is for the purpose of limiting theupward pivotal movement of said pivoted platform 13, anti-frictionroller 17 and the cylinder 19 supported thereby.

Operation described, the pulverized ligni'te used for briquetting willhave a higher coemcient of heat than the. lignite as it comes from themine. The pulverized and sifted lignite is treated to a steam heateddrier before it is supplied to the briquetting machine. This preparedlignite contains more or less paraffin and rosin which, in thecompressing action on the lignite, becomes heated and melted and, if thepressure is sufficient, maybe utilized as a natural binder for holdingtogether the parts of the briquette. To secure this result, theavailable pressure in the briquetting action must be very great. Mymachine was designed to meet these conditions and will afford anypressure needed for briquetting such prepared lignite without theaddition of any artificial binder.

In the usage of the machine, the prepared lignite 36 is supplied, inanysuitable way, to the feed hopper 30 whence it drops'by gravity into thecylinder 19 and becomes subject to the feed roller 31 which spreads itout and levels it off to some extent-and helps to forWa-rd'i-t into thebite of the said cylinder 19 and resistance roller 28, at which placethe said lignite 36 will begin to be compressed within the cooperativesections of the mold cells on the cylinder and roller respectively, andbe subject to pressure therefrom until the briquette is completelyformed and then the briquettes will be carried up in the half mold cellsof the cylinder until gravity causes the most advanced briquettes on thecylinder to break oii from the briquettes lower down on the cylinder anddrop from the cylinder to be carried off by the off leading spout 38 toany point desired. In this compressing or briquetting action, it hasbeen assumed that the hydraulic press has been applied to the free endof the pivoted platform 13 which, through the antifriction rollers 17,support the cylinder 19 move the cylinder 19 radially toward theresistance roller 28 and there hold the same while the cylinder androller revolve and compress the prepared lignite 36 within the moldcells .into'briquettes; and, hence, it is obvious that the pressure willbe an increasing one from the start to the finish of the biiquettingaction' This multiple cylinder hydraulic press therefore affords oneform of ancillary power device adapted to be applied to radially movethe cylinder 19 toward the resistance roller 28 for increasing thepressure on the material in the mold cells gradually from start tofinish of the bri uetting action, and so far as I know, this combinationis broadly new over the prior art. Each of the cylinders of the multiplecylinder hydraulic press is expected to have a power of, at least, 600atmospheres, making 2460 atmospheres in all, and this press is undersuch control that either the whole or any part of this availablepressure can be brought into action. 7

Of course, it will be understood that the pri mary power available torotate the cylinder 19 and the resistance roller 28 in the briduettingaction, must be sufficient to effect this rotation of said parts againstthe pressure applied from the ancillary power device applied to thecylinder 19 through the pivoted platform 13 and the antifriction rollers17.

It must be obvious that, under the great pressure available, a largeamount of heat will be produced which becomes effective on the paraffinand resin within the pulverized lignite. This heat is so great that theparaffin and rosin are melted and, under the pressure, are disseminatedthroughout the material in "the mold cells and thereby effective toserve as a binder when the material is properly compressed.

It is thought that this machine will have a capacity of not less thanten and possibly as much as fifteen tons of briquettes per hour. a

It will or" course be understood that the ancillary power device mighttake other forms and possibly be applied to efiect the radial movementof the cylinder 19 towards the resistance roller 28 by other means thanthose shown and described and that more or less of the other details ofthe mechanism illustrated and described could be varied withoutdeparting from the principle of my invention. I

What is claimed is:- v

1. In 'a briquetting machine, the'combination with a radially movablerotary cylinder having half-mold cells on the interior of its peripheralwall, of a resistance'roller of smaller diameter than said cylindereccentrically mounted within said cylinder and having half-mold cells onits periphery and normally held against any radial movement, power meansfor rotating said cylinder and roller in the same direction, andancillary power means for radially moving said cylinder towards saidresistance roller arranged to apply a gradually increasing pressure tothe material within the mold cells from the start to the finish of thecompressing or briquetting action.

2. In a briquetting machine, the combination with a radially movablerotary cylinder having half-mold cells on the interior of its peripheralwall, of a resistance roller of smaller diameter than said cylindereccentrically mounted within said cylinder and having half-mold cells onits periphery and norinally'held against any radial movement, powermeans for rotating said cylinder and roller in the same direction, apivoted platform underlying and supporting said cylinder and a powerdevice applied to the free end of said platform for moving said cylinderradially towards said resistance roller with a gradually increasingpressure from start to finish of the compressing action.

3. In a briquetting machine, the combination with a radially movablerotary cylinder having half-mold cells on the interior of its peripheralwall, of a resistance roller of smaller diameter than said cylindereccentrically mounted within said cylinder and having half-mold cells onits periphery and normally held against any radial movement, power meansfor rotating said cylinder and roller in the same direction, a pivotedplatform underlying and supporting said cylinder and a hydraulic pressapplied to the free end of said platform for moving saidplatform andcylinder toward the resistance roller with a gradually.

Wall, of a resistance roller of smaller diameter than said cylindereccentrically mounted Within the cylinder and having half-mold cells onits periphery and normally held against any radial movement, power meansfor rotating said cylinder and roller in the same direction, means forsupplying moldable material to the bite of said cylinder and roller, apivoted platform underlying and supporting said cylinder and a multiplecylinder hydraulic press applied to the free end of said platform formoving said platform and cylinder toward said resistance roller with agradually increasing pressure from start to finish of the compressingaction on the material within the mold cells, substantially asdescribed.

5. A briquetting machine having in combination, a hollow cylindermounted for limited lateral movement and having a multiplicity ofconcave, closed, half-mold cells on its interior peripheral wall, aresistance roller of smaller diameter than said cylinder revolublymounted on a fixed axis within said cylinder and disposed eccentricallyof said cylinder and having a multiplicity of concave, closed, half-moldcells on its periphery adapted to cooperate with said first mentionedhalf-mold cells, power means for rotating said cylinder and roller inthe same direction, means for synchronizing the rotation of saidcylinder and roller and hydraulic means for bodily moving said cylindertoward said resistance roller for increasing the available pressureapplied to the material within the mold cells.

6. The method of making lignite briquettes which consists insimultaneously compressing and molding a mass of lignite particles withsufficient pressure to produce such heat upon the lignite that theparaiiin, rosin and other natural binding constituents of the lignitewill be heated and melted and will serve to bind the other elements ofthe lignite into a hard, homogeneous mass.

FRED W; HASING.

